Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz

 
  • Family : BIGNONIACEAE
    (Bignonia Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : NEELI GULMOHUR FAMILY (नीली गुलमोहर फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Bignoniaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Arthrophyllum ceylanicum Miq.; Arthrophyllum reticulatum Blume ex Miq.; Bignonia indica L.; Bignonia lugubris Salisb.; Bignonia pentandra Lour.; Bignonia quadripinnata Blanco; Bignonia tripinnata Noronha; Bignonia tuberculata Roxb. ex DC.; Calosanthes indica (L.) Blume; Hippoxylon indica (L.) Raf.; Oroxylum flavum Rehder; Spathodea indica (L.) Pers.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz
  • Common name : Broken bones Tree, Indian Calosanthes, Midnight Horror, Indian trumpet flowet, Tree of Damocles
  • Vernacular name :
    • Sonapatha, Sagru, Sauna, Sona, Karkath (Hindi)
    • Thigade mara (Kannada)
    • Godugu Chettu, Akumanu, Nemali Chettu, Pampini, Peddakatti, Sakana-nasamu, Pampini Chettu, Konda pampina chettu (Telugu)
    • Pependi, Bhalu-sakti, Phemphana, Phampan (Oria)
    • Syonaka (Sanskrit)
    • Aralu, Palakapayyani, Payyazhantha, Valpathiri, Veluthapathiri (Malayalam)
  • Habit : Tree
  • Habitat : Occasional in mixed deciduous forests, along streams, rivers and cool sides of the hills in the forests
  • Comments / notes : Sometimes planted in avenues and gardens
  • Flower, Fruit : July-March
  • Distribution :
    • Andhra Pradesh : Kurnool district, West Godavari district, East Godavari district, Vishakapatnam district, Srikakulam district
    • Karnataka : Dakshina Kannada district, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Chikkamagaluru district, Davanagare district, Shivamogga district, Udupi district, Uttara Kannada district
    • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
    • Maharashtra : Raigad (Karle Khind)
    • Odisha : Ganjam district, Koraput district, Dhenkanal district, Mayurbhanj district
    • Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
    • Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
    • Sikkim : Sikkim
    • West Bengal : West Bengal
    • Himachal Pradesh : Himachal Pradesh
    • Arunachal Pradesh : Arunachal Pradesh
    • Meghalaya : Meghalaya
    • Assam : Assam
    • Nagaland : Nagaland
    • Delhi : Delhi
    • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
    • Punjab : Punjab
    • Jammu and Kashmir : Jammu and Kashmir
    • Mizoram : Mizoram
    • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
    • Manipur : Manipur
    • Tripura : Tripura
  • Native : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Bhutan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Bhutan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Literature :
    • Pullaiah et al., 2011 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 4
    • J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
    • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
    • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
    • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
    • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
    • Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 - Flora of Coorg district, Karnataka state
    • Manjunath et al., 2003 - Davanagere
    • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara.
    • Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla: 216
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Oroxylum indicum. Downloaded on 10 October 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution

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