- Family : LAMIACEAE
(Mint Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : TULSI FAMILY (तुलसी फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System III) : Lamiaceae
- Basionym : Nepeta indica L.
- Synonym(s) : Ajuga disticha (L.) Roxb.; Ajuga mollissima Wall. ex Steud.; Anisomeles albiflora (Hassk.) Miq.; Anisomeles disticha (L.) B.Heyne ex Roth; Anisomeles mollissima Wall.; Anisomeles secunda Kuntze; Anisomeles tonkinensis Gand.; Ballota disticha L.; Ballota mauritiana Pers.; Epimeredi indicus (L.) Rothm.; Epimeredi secundus Rothm.; Lophanthus argyi H.Lév.; Marrubium indicum (L.) Burm.f.; Monarda zeylanica Burm.f.; Nepeta amboinica L.f.; Nepeta disticha (L.) Blume; Phlomis alba Blanco
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze
- Common name : Indian Catmint, Malabar catmint
- Vernacular name :
- Kala bhangra, Gobara (Hindi)
- Thoiding angouba (Manipuri)
- Gopali (Marathi)
- Chedayan (Malayalam)
- adabeera (Telugu)
- Mangamaari, Hucchumutte, Hennu kari tumbe (Kannada)
- gobura, gopali, apang (Bengali)
- Gopali (Konkani)
- Raato Chaarapaate(Nepali)
- Habit : Herb
- Habitat : Mixed deciduous forests, wastelands
- Comments / notes : Plant is carminative, astringent and tonic. Used medicinally for rheumatism, colds, fevers, abdominal pain, skin sores, and snake bites.
- Key identification features : Stems erect, 1-2 m tall, branched, densely appressed white pubescent. Petiole 1-4.5 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate, 4-9 × 2.5-6.5 cm, adaxially finely strigose especially on veins, abaxially densely white minutely tomentose, tomentose on veins, base broadly truncate-cuneate, margin irregularly dentate, apex acute or short acuminate. Spikes ca. 2.5 cm in diam.; floral leaves short petiolate or ± sessile, longer than verticillasters; bracts 3-4 mm. Calyx ca. 6 mm, hirsute, glandular pubescent, yellow glandular; teeth purple-red, triangular-lanceolate, ca. 2.7 mm, ciliate. Corolla purplish, ca. 1.3 cm, glabrous outside; tube funnelform, mouth to 3.5 mm wide; upper lip oblong, 4.5-5 × 3 mm, margin entire; lower lip subhorizontally spreading, ca. 9 × 5 mm; middle lobe obcordate, ca. 3 × 4.5 mm, slightly undulate, bearded; lateral lobes ovate. Ovary glabrous. Nutlets ca. 1.5 mm in diam.
- Flower, Fruit : August-April
- Collector(s) Name : Raja K. Swamy, Arun Singh, Navendu Page, K. Sankara Rao; Raja K. Swamy
- Collection Date : 23-03-2016, 13-12-2014
- Collection Nos : HJCB-0597; HJCB-E-376
- Collection Locality : Karadyur, Yercaud, Salem district (TN); Batrepalli, Anantapur district (AP)
- Distribution :
- Andhra Pradesh : Anantapur district
- Karnataka : All districts of Karnataka
- Kerala : All districts of Kerala
- Maharashtra : Akola district
- Tamil Nadu : Salem district
- Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
- Uttarakhand : Dehradun district
- Arunachal Pradesh : Siang, Subansiri, Tirap
- Punjab : Punjab
- Rajasthan : Jaisalmer district, Barmer district, Bikaner district, Jodhpur district
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Lakshadweep : Androth, Minicoy
- Native : Andaman Islands, India, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Christmas Islands, Bhutan, India, Jawa, Lakshadweep Islands, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maldives, Maluku, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Islands
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Andaman Is., India, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Lakshadweep Islands, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maldives, Maluku, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- Pullaiah et al., 2011 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 4
- J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3
- R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
- R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
- H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
- N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
- Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
- Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan
- Gowda, 2004 - Sringeri
- Ramaswamy & Razi, 1973 – Flora of Bangalore
- Rao & Razi, 1981 – Flora of Mysore
- Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg
- Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi
- Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
- Nair, N. G (1977).Flora of Bashahr Himalayas. International Bioscience Publishers: 216
- C., Sudhakar Reddy & Roy, Parth. (2011). Plant Diversity of Lakshadweep Islands.
- G.S Giri., A.Pramanik., H.J. Chowdhery., G.D Pal and S.K. Das (2008). Materials for Arunachal Pradesh, Vol (2), Pg: 277-278
- Read more :
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Anisomeles indica. Downloaded on 27 July 2024.
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