Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.

 
  • Family : POACEAE
    (Grass Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : GHAS FAMILY (घास फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Poaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Andropogon contortus L.; Heteropogon contortus var. hirtus Hack.; Heteropogon hirtus Pers.; Holcus contortus (L.) Stuck.; Sorghum contortum (L.) Kuntze
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.
  • Common name : Tangle head Grass, Spear grass
  • Vernacular name :
    • Oobu hullu, Gandu bin (Kannada)
    • Oopu gaddi, Eragaddi (Telugu)
    • Kali Kusali, Kursali, Nanisunkhali, Pandhri Sukal (Marathi)
    • Oosipullu, Shoolampullu (Malayalam)
  • Habit : Herb
  • Habitat : Open deciduous forests
  • Comments / notes : Common in open grasslands. On foothills to 1200m and slopes. Often the seeds gets entangled in clothes.
  • Flower, Fruit : July-December
  • Collector(s) Name : Raja K. Swamy; K.Sankara Rao, Raja K. Swamy, Arun Singh; Cecil J. Saldanha
  • Collection Date : 15-11-2014, 28-11-2014, 19-12-1968
  • Collection Nos : HJCB-E-233, HJCB 0398, CJS 11923
  • Collection Locality : Batrepalli, Anantapur district; Tirumala hills, Chittoor district; Arsikere-Tiptur road, Hassan district
  • Distribution :
    • Andhra Pradesh : Throughout Andhra Pradesh
    • Karnataka : Bengaluru district, Hassan district, Mysuru district, Tumakuru district, Udupi district, Dakshina Kannada district
    • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
    • Maharashtra : All districts of Maharashtra
    • Odisha : Throughout Odisha
    • Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
    • Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
    • Sikkim : Sikkim
    • Himachal Pradesh : Himachal Pradesh
    • Arunachal Pradesh : Kameng
    • Meghalaya : Meghalaya
    • Assam : Assam
    • Nagaland : Nagaland
    • Punjab : Punjab
    • Jammu and Kashmir : Jammu and Kashmir
    • Mizoram : Mizoram
    • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
    • Manipur : Manipur
    • Tripura : Tripura
    • Lakshadweep : Lakshadweep
  • Native : Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Angola, Argentina, Arizona, Baleares, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burundi, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Islands, Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, C
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : Tropical and warm Temperate regions.
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Literature :
    • J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
    • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1996- Flora of Orissa Vol. 4
    • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
    • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
    • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
    • N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
    • Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan District
    • Gowda, 2004 – Flora of Sringeri
    • Ramaswamy & Razi, 1973 – Flora of Bangalore District
    • Seetharam et al., 2000 – Flora of Gulbarga District
    • Rao & Razi, 1981 – A Synoptic Flora of Mysore District
    • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi District
    • Bhaskar & Kushalappa, 2013- Flora of Tumkur District
    • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
    • B. D. Sharma, S. Karthikeyan & N. P. Singh 1996 - Flora of Maharashtra state - Monocotyledons
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
    • H J, Chowdhery, et al. Materials for Flora of Arunachal Pradesh. Volume 3, Botanical Survey of India, 2009. Pg.: 291
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Heteropogon contortus. Downloaded on 8 December 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution

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