• Family : RUBIACEAE
  (Madder Or Coffee Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : COFFEE FAMILY (कॉफी फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : Rubiaceae
• Synonym(s) : Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Hook.f. ex Brandis
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Brandis
• Common name : Haldu
• Vernacular name :
  • Haldu, Kadami (Hindi)
  • Anavu (Kannada)
  • Manjakadambai, Pumpadari, Parasamaram, Poonthekku (Tamil)
  • Patchi Kamba Chettu, Pasupu ganapa, Pasupu kadamba, Rudra ganapa, Bandari, Bandaru, Pedda kamba, Keli kadamba gacha (Telugu)
  • Maldu, Koim, Kurum, Halanda, Mandi, Kurnn (Oria)
  • Haridru (Sanskrit)
  • Barakuram, Katamba, Manjakadambu, Malamkadambu (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Tropical moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
• Comments / notes : Occasional on foothills to 1400m, sometimes planted in plains.
• Key identification features : A large and beautiful deciduous tree. Bole buttressed. Leaves are simple, orbicular to cordate, with an acuminate tip. Flowers are small and yellow and aggregated in heads. Corolla is funnel- shaped. Stamens are 5 and attached at the mouth of the corolla. Filaments are short with oblong anthers. Fruit is a capsule.
• Flower, Fruit : October-June
• Collector(s) Name : B.R.Ramesh, Shivaprakash; Arun Singh, Raja K. Swamy
• Collection Date : 20-07-1981, 11-09-2014
• Collection Nos : KFP 13354, HJCB 0005
• Collection Locality : Malagaon, Uttara Kannada district; Kavalur Observatory, Javadu hills, Tamil Nadu
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Kurnool district, Nellore district, Kadapa district, East Godavari district, Srikakulam district, West Godavari district, Vishakapatnam district
  • Karnataka : Bengaluru district, Ballari district, Chikkamagaluru district, Dakshina Kannada district, Davanagare district, Hassan district, Kolar district, Mysuru district, Shivamogga district, Tumakuru district, Udupi district, Uttara Kannada district, Bangalore (Ragihalli)
  • Kerala : Kasaragod district, Kannur district, Wayanad district, Kozhikode district, Malappuram district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Ernakulam district, Idukki district, Pathanamthitta district, Kollam district, Thiruvananthapuram district
  • Odisha : Mayurbhanj district, Koraput district
  • Tamil Nadu : Madurai district, Salem district, Tiruvannamalai district, Dharmapuri district, Dindigul district
  • Jharkhand :
  • Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
  • Sikkim : Sikkim
  • Arunachal Pradesh : Arunachal Pradesh
  • Meghalaya : Meghalaya
  • Assam : Assam
  • Nagaland : Nagaland
  • Delhi : Delhi
  • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
  • Mizoram : Mizoram
  • Manipur : Manipur
  • Tripura : Tripura
• Native : Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam
• Exotic/Native : Native
• World Distribution : Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature :
  • Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3
  • J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1
  • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
  • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
  • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
  • N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
  • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
  • Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 - Flora of Hassan district, Karnataka
  • Rao & Razi, 1981 – A Synoptic Flora of Mysore District
  • Bhaskar & Kushalappa, 2013- Flora of Tumkur District
  • N.P.Singh, 1988- Flora of Eastern Karnataka
  • Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere District
  • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
  • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
  • Indigenous Plants at Biodiversity Park, Ranchi - Ranchi Afforestation Division, Forest and Environmental Department, Jharkhand
• Read more :
  • Plants of the World Online
  • World Flora Online
  • Global Plants on JSTOR
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Haldina cordifolia. Downloaded on 5 October 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

Habitat

India Distribution

World Distribution