• Family : BURSERACEAE
  (Bursera Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : SALAI FAMILY
• Family (as per The APG System III) : Burseraceae
• Synonym(s) : Garuga kenghar Buch.-Ham.; Garuga pharhad Buch.-Ham.; Kunthia cochinensis Dennst.; Kunthia pinnata (Roxb.) Kuntze; Guaiacum abilo Blanco
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Garuga pinnata Roxb.
• Common name : Grey Downy Balsam Tree, Garuga
• Vernacular name :
  • Jiga, Ghogar, Khogar, Kharpat, Kaikar (Hindi)
  • Halabalage, Goddana mara (Kannada)
  • Karu vembu (Tamil)
  • Garuga chettu, Garuga, Kondavepa, Garugudu, Garugu karra (Telugu)
  • Mohi, Sompotri, Saradi, Handala mohi, Handurmai, Kath-kusum, Kenkat, Kolimoi (Oria)
  • Krishnamlika, Golika (Sanskrit)
  • Annakkara, Eechakkara, Karuvembu, Kareyam, Kattukalasam, Kattunelli, Kosramba (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Tropical dry deciduous forests, Tropical moist deciduous forests
• Comments / notes : On hills up to 800m in moist deciduous belt in full sun.
• Key identification features : Large tree with short, croweded panicles
• Flower, Fruit : January-August
• Collector(s) Name : Raja K.Swamy, Arun Singh
• Collection Date : 09/12/2014
• Collection Nos : HJCB-E-73
• Collection Locality : Kavalur Observatory, Jawadhu Hills, Tiruvannamalai district (TN)
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Kurnool district, Vishakapatnam district
  • Karnataka : Belagavi district, Ballari district, Chikkamagaluru district, Chitradurga district, Dakshina Kannada district, Davanagare district, Hassan district, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Mysuru district, Shivamogga district, Tumakuru district, Uttara Kannada district
  • Kerala : Kasaragod district, Kannur district, Wayanad district, Kozhikode district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Thiruvananthapuram district
  • Maharashtra : Thane district
  • Odisha : All districts of Odisha
  • Tamil Nadu : Tiruvannamalai district, Coimbatore district, Madurai district, The Nilgiri district, Salem district, Dharmapuri district, Tiruchirapalli district
  • Madhya Pradesh : Madhya Pradesh
  • Uttarakhand : Nainital district
  • West Bengal : West Bengal
  • Assam : Assam
  • Bihar : Bihar
  • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
  • Punjab : Punjab
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Ritchie\'s Archipelago taluk (Havelock Island),South Andaman,North and Middle Andaman and Baratang Island
• Native : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
• Exotic/Native : Native
• World Distribution : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature :
  • Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1
  • J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1
  • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 1
  • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
  • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
  • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
  • N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
  • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
  • Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1
  • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
  • Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan District
  • Saldanha, 1996
  • Rao & Razi, 1981 – A Synoptic Flora of Mysore District
  • Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg District
  • Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere District
  • Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla: 115
• Read more :
  • Plants of the World Online
  • World Flora Online
  • Global Plants on JSTOR
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Garuga pinnata. Downloaded on 7 September 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

Habitat

India Distribution

World Distribution