Ficus exasperata Vahl

 
  • Family : MORACEAE
    (Mulberry Or Fig Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : ANJEER FAMILY (अंजीर फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Moraceae
  • Synonym(s) : Ficus asperrima Roxb.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Ficus exasperata Vahl
  • Common name : Sand Paper Tree
  • Vernacular name :
    • Paaje, Gargatti (Kannada)
    • Maramthinniathi, Paeperunkaai (Tamil)
    • Parakam, Therakam (Malayalam)
    • Korisano (Oria)
    • Kalmnor (Hindi)
    • Karaka bodda, Siri boddana (Telugu)
  • Habit : Tree
  • Habitat : Stream banks of mixed forests and Tropical moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
  • Comments / notes : Occasional on hills above 1000m.
  • Flower, Fruit : November-May
  • Collector(s) Name : Raja K. Swamy, Arun Sing, Navendu Page, K. Sankara Rao
  • Collection Date : 25/03/2016
  • Collection Nos : HJCB-0658
  • Collection Locality : Semmedu, Kolli Hills, Yercaud, Salem district (TN)
  • Distribution :
    • Andhra Pradesh : East Godavari district, Vishakapatnam district, Srikakulam district, Kurnool district
    • Karnataka : Ballari district, Chikkamagaluru district, Dakshina Kannada district, Davanagare district, Hassan district, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Shivamogga district, Udupi district
    • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
    • Maharashtra : Thane district
    • Odisha : Ganjam district, Mayurbhanj district
    • Tamil Nadu : Coimbatore district, Dindigul district, Dharmapuri district, Kanchipuram (Changalpattu-CGP) district, Karur district, Krishnagiri district, Madurai district, Namakkal district, Pudukkottai district, Sivaganga district, Salem district, Tiruchirapalli district, Tiruvannamalai district, Villipuram district, Vellore district
    • Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
    • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Nicobar Islands
  • Native : Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Islands, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Rwanda
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Islands, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Literature :
    • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3
    • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
    • Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan District
    • Cecil J. Saldanha, S. R. Ramesh (1984). Flora of Karnataka State vol. 1. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co, New Delhi
    • Gowda, 2004 – Flora of Sringeri
    • Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg District
    • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi District
    • Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere
    • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
    • Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
    • Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Ficus exasperata. Downloaded on 4 October 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution

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