Excoecaria crenulata Wight

 
  • Family : EUPHORBIACEAE
    (Spurge Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : AMLA FAMILY (आँवला फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Euphorbiaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Excoecaria robusta Hook.f.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Excoecaria oppositifolia var. crenulata (Wight) Chakrab. & M.Gangop.
  • Vernacular name :
    • Paal maram (Tamil)
    • Era (Malayalam)
  • Habit : Tree
  • Habitat : Tropical evergreen forests, Shola
  • Comments / notes : Occasional in wet-evergreen forests of upper ghats above 1000m. Exudes copious milky latex while blazed by locals. These are confined to Shola in South Indian hills.
  • Key identification features : Capsule pendulous, three lobed.
  • Flower, Fruit : December-June
  • Collection Nos : KFP 12283, CJS 16850
  • Distribution :
    • Karnataka : Chikkamagaluru district, Mysuru district, Uttara Kannada district, Hassan district, Kodagu (Coorg) district
    • Kerala : Kannur district, Malappuram district, Palakkad district, Idukki district, Thiruvananthapuram district
    • Tamil Nadu : Dharmapuri district, Vellore district, Tiruchirapalli district, Namakkal district
  • Native : India, Sri Lanka
  • World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Literature :
    • Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 - Flora of Hassan district, Karnataka
    • Saldanha, C.J. (1996). Flora of Karnataka vol. 2. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co, New Delhi
    • Parthsarathy, N & Pragasan , A L 2009. Check List 5(3):542-569
    • Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Excoecaria crenulata. Downloaded on 8 December 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)

Habitat

India Distribution

World Distribution

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