Chloroxylon swietenia DC.

 
  • Family : RUTACEAE
    (Rue Or Citrus Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : NIMBU FAMILY (नींबू फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Rutaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Swietenia chloroxylon Roxb.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Chloroxylon swietenia DC.
  • Common name : East-Indian Satin wood, Satin wood
  • Vernacular name :
    • Bhera, Bhirra, Girya, Bhivia (Hindi)
    • Huragalu mara, Masivala mara (Kannada)
    • Mammarai, Purush (Tamil)
    • Billudu, Billu, Billa karra (Telugu)
    • Bheru, Bherua (Oria)
    • Behru, Bhirra, Billu, Girya, Halda (Marathi)
    • Mammarai porasu, Vaaimanram (Tamil)
    • Purushu, Varimaram (Malayalam)
  • Habit : Tree
  • Habitat : Deciduous forests
  • Comments / notes : Common in lower deciduous forests and on hills up to 1200m. This species is used extensively for its timber and also said to be fire resistant.
  • Flower, Fruit : January-October
  • Distribution :
    • Andhra Pradesh : Guntur district, Chittoor district, Vishakapatnam district, Prakasam district
    • Karnataka : Ballari district
    • Kerala : Idukki district
    • Maharashtra : Ahmednagar district, Chandrapur district, Nagpur district, Nanded district, Pune district, Raigad district, Yavatmal district
    • Odisha : Ganjam district, Kalhandi district, Angul district, Puri district
    • Tamil Nadu : All dry parts of Tamil Nadu districts
    • Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
  • Native : India, Sri lanka
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : India, Sri lanka
  • Conservation Status : Vulnerable (VU)
  • Literature :
    • Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1
    • J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1
    • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 1
    • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
    • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1.
    • N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
    • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
    • Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1.
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Chloroxylon swietenia. Downloaded on 14 December 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution

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