Ximenia americana L.

 
  • Family : OLACACEAE
    (Olax Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : DHENIANI FAMILY
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Olacaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Heymassoli inermis Aubl.; Heymassoli spinosa Aubl.; Ximenia aculeata Crantz; Ximenia americana var. argentinensis DeFilipps; Ximenia americana f. inermis (Aubl.) Engl.; Ximenia americana var. oblonga DC.; Ximenia americana var. ovata DC.; Ximenia arborescens Tussac ex Walp.; Ximenia elliptica G.Forst.; Ximenia exarmata F.Muell.; Ximenia fluminensis M.Roem.; Ximenia gabonensis Baill. ex Laness.; Ximenia inermis L.; Ximenia laurina Delile; Ximenia loranthifolia Span.; Ximenia montana Macfad.; Ximenia multiflora Jacq.; Ximenia oblonga Lam. ex Hemsl.; Ximenia rogersii Burtt Davy; Ximenia russeliana Wall.; Ximenia spinosa (Aubl.) Lam. ex Forsyth f.; Ximenia subscandens Griff.; Ximenia verrucosa M.Roem.; Ziziphus littorea Teijsm. ex Hassk.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Ximenia americana L.
  • Common name : False Sandalwood
  • Vernacular name :
    • Nagari gida (Kannada)
    • Chiru-illanthai (Tamil)
  • Habit : Tree
  • Habitat : Banks of rivers
  • Comments / notes : Common in dry deciduous and open forests of Eastern Ghats. An interesting account of the haustorial root-parasitism was reported in X.americana (C.A.Barber, 1907)
  • Key identification features : Large thorny shrub in dry forests; fruits bright orange scarlet, edible
  • Flower, Fruit : January-July
  • Distribution :
    • Andhra Pradesh : Guntur district, East Godavari district, Prakasam district, Kurnool district
    • Karnataka : Ballari district
    • Kerala : Palakkad district
    • Maharashtra : Jalgaon district
    • Tamil Nadu : Salem district, Tiruvannamalai district, Vellore district, Dharmapuri district, Coimbatore district, Villipuram district, Cuddalore district
    • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
  • Native : India, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Cameroon, Cape Verd
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka, Africa, Myanmar, Indo-China, Thailand, Hainan, Malesia, N.Australia, Pacific Islands
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Literature :
    • Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1
    • J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1
    • N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
    • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
    • Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1.
    • Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla: 124
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Ximenia americana. Downloaded on 8 December 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution

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