Piper nigrum L.

 
  • Family : PIPERACEAE
    (Pepper Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : KALI MIRCH FAMILY (काली मिर्च फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Piperaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Muldera multinervis Miq.; Muldera wightiana Miq.; Piper aromaticum Lam.; Piper baccatum C.DC.; Piper colonum C.Presl; Piper denudatum Opiz; Piper glabrispica C.DC.; Piper glyphicum Hoffmanns. ex Kunth; Piper laxum Vahl; Piper malabarense C.DC.; Piper nigricans Willd. ex Link; Piper nigrum var. hirtellosum Asokan Nair & Ravindran; Piper nigrum var. trioicum (Roxb.) C.DC.; Piper rotundum Noronha; Piper trioicum Roxb.; Rhyncholepis haeankeana Miq.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Piper nigrum L.
  • Common name : Black Pepper, Common pepper, Pepper
  • Vernacular name :
    • Kalimirch (Hindi)
    • Karimenasu, Ollemenasu (Kannada)
    • Milagu (Tamil)
    • Maricha (Sanskrit)
    • Kurumulaku, Mulakkukodi, Nallamulaka (Malayalam)
    • Gole mirch (Oria)
    • Miriyalu tige (Telugu)
  • Habit : Climber
  • Habitat : Tropical evergreen forests, Tropical semi-evergreen forests, also cultivated
  • Comments / notes : Often on hills above 1200m, in cultivation and in wild.
  • Flower, Fruit : Throughout the year
  • Distribution :
    • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
    • Maharashtra : Satara district
    • Odisha : Bolangir district
    • Arunachal Pradesh : Lohit, Siang, Subansiri, Tirap
    • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
  • Native : India
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : India
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Literature :
    • Parthsarathy, N & Muthumperumal, C 2009. Check List 5(1): 092-111
    • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
    • G.S Giri., A.Pramanik., H.J. Chowdhery., G.D Pal and S.K. Das (2008). Materials for Arunachal Pradesh, Vol (2), Pg: 326
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Piper nigrum. Downloaded on 2 April 2025.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

Habitat

India Distribution

World Distribution

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