• Family : STERCULIACEAE
  (Sterculia Or Cocoa Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : COCOA FAMILY
• Family (as per The APG System III) : Malvaceae
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Helicteres isora L.
• Common name : East-Indian screw Tree
• Vernacular name :
  • Marodphali, Aita, Aitum (Hindi)
  • Yedamuri, Kempukaaveri (Kannada)
  • Velampuri, Vadampiri, Kaiva, Idampuri (Tamil)
  • Nulita, Kavanchi, Syamali, Purikaya, Guba tada, Nuli tada (Telugu)
  • Murmuriya, Muri-muri, Kurkurbicha (Oria)
  • Aavartanee (Sanskrit)
  • Murudsheng, Ati, Kewan, Murudseng (Marathi)
  • Edampiri-Valampiri, Eeswaramoori, Kaivum, Kayinaru, Kayivilanaru, Kayivoolam, Kayyunanna, Valampiri (Malayalam)
• Habit : Shrub
• Habitat : Deciduous forests, also in plantations and plains
• Comments / notes : Common in dry deciduous forests. Also brought into gardens and plantations.
• Flower, Fruit : April-January
• Collector(s) Name : S.B.Manohar; Cecil J. Saldanha
• Collection Date : 23-08-1979, 09-02-1968
• Collection Nos : KFP 9043, SJC 11601
• Collection Locality : Sandur hills, Bellary district; Shiradi ghat, Hassan district
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Andhra Pradesh
  • Telangana : Nalgonda district, Khammam district, Mehboobnagar district
  • Karnataka : Bengaluru district, Ballari district, Chitradurga district, Dakshina Kannada district, Davanagare district, Hassan district, Mysuru district, Raichur district, Tumakuru district, Udupi district, Kodagu (Coorg) district
  • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
  • Maharashtra : Thane district
  • Odisha : Odisha
  • Tamil Nadu : All districts of Tamil Nadu
  • Jharkhand :
  • Madhya Pradesh : Madhya Pradesh
  • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
  • Punjab : Punjab
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman Islands
• Native : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hainan, India, Laos, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam
• Exotic/Native : Native
• World Distribution : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hainan, India, Laos, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature :
  • Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1
  • J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1
  • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 1
  • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
  • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
  • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
  • Franklin Benjamin & G.V.S.Murthy, 2013. Flora of Sri Venkateswara National Park, Andhra Pradesh, BSI.
  • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
  • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
  • Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1.
  • Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan District
  • Cecil J. Saldanha, S. R. Ramesh (1984). Flora of Karnataka State vol. 1. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co, New Delhi
  • Gowda, 2004 – Flora of Sringeri
  • Ramaswamy & Razi, 1973 – Flora of Bangalore District
  • Rao & Razi, 1981 – A Synoptic Flora of Mysore District
  • Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg District
  • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi District
  • Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere District
  • Indigenous Plants at Biodiversity Park, Ranchi - Ranchi Afforestation Division, Forest and Environmental Department, Jharkhand
• Read more :
  • Plants of the World Online
  • World Flora Online
  • Global Plants on JSTOR
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Helicteres isora. Downloaded on 21 November 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution