- Family : RUBIACEAE
(Madder Or Coffee Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : COFFEE FAMILY (कॉफी फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System III) : Rubiaceae
- Synonym(s) : Aparine tenera (Gren.) Fourr.; Aparine vaillantii (DC.) Fourr.; Galium adhaerens DC.; Galium agreste Wallr.; Galium agreste var. echinospermum Wallr.; Galium aparine subsp. aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Jauzein; Galium aparine var. aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Ortega Oliv., Devesa, Muñoz Garm., Herrero & R.Gonzalo; Galium aparine var. minor Benth.; Galium aparine f. pauciflorum Maxim.; Galium aparinella Lange ex Cutanda; Galium aparinoides K.Koch; Galium biflorum Hochst. ex Boiss.; Galium campestre Hochst. ex Boiss.; Galium hispidum Roth; Galium infestum Waldst. & Kit.; Galium oliganthum Nakai & Kitag.; Galium pauciflorum Bunge; Galium scaberrimum Vahl ex Hornem.; Galium sororium Hance; Galium spurium subsp. aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Rivas Mart. & Castrov.; Galium spurium f. strigosum (Thunb.) Kitag.; Galium spurium var. vaillantii (DC.) Gren.; Galium spurium f. vaillantii (DC.) R.J.Moore; Galium strigosum Thunb.; Galium tenerum Schleich. ex Gaudin; Galium trinioides Pomel; Galium tsukinanats Hassk.; Galium vaillantii DC.; Galium wutaicum Hurus.
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Galium spurium subsp. spurium
- Habit : Herb
- Habitat : Open fields, riversides, farmlands, mountain slopes; upto 4600 m. altitude, Forests
- Comments / notes : This species is occasionally used medicinally.
- Key identification features : Small, climbing, scabrid herbs; stems and branches quadrangular; Leaves sessile, 8 in a whorl, narrowly obovate-oblong, pubescent; Flowers in axillary peduncles, 3-flowered, greenish; Fruits hooked bristted.
- Flower, Fruit : March-November
- Distribution :
- Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
- Himachal Pradesh : Himachal Pradesh
- Arunachal Pradesh : Kameng
- Jammu and Kashmir : Jammu and Kashmir
- Native : Afghanistan, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Canary Islands, Central European Rus, China, Chita, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Islands, East European Russia, France,
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Afghanistan, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Canary Islands, Central European Rus, China, Chita, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Islands, East European Russia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Illinois, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Manchuria, Manitoba, Morocco, Nansei-shoto, Netherlands, New Brunswick, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Prince Edward Island, Qinghai, Québec, Romania, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tibet, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia
- Literature :
- Uniyal B.P., Sharma J.R., Choudhery U., Singh D.K. (2007). Flowering Plants of Uttarakhand: A Checklist. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh: 144
- P.K . Hajra ., D.M. Verma and G.S. Giri (1996). Materials For The Flora Of Arunachal Pradesh , Vol (1), Pg : 601
- Read more :
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Galium tibeticum. Downloaded on 21 November 2024.
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World Distribution
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