Euphorbia prolifera Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don

 
  • Family : EUPHORBIACEAE
    (Spurge Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : AMLA FAMILY (आँवला फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Euphorbiaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Euphorbia cuneifolia Roxb.; Euphorbia linifolia Wall. ex Boiss.; Euphorbia nepalensis Boiss.; Euphorbia pinus H.Lév.; Tithymalus prolifer (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Soják
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Euphorbia prolifera Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
  • Common name : Pine Spurge, Nepal Spurge
  • Habit : Herb
  • Habitat : Valleys, sloping grasslands, Pinus forests
  • Key identification features : Herbs, erect or ascending, 20-30 cm tall. Root terete, 10-20 × 0.5-2 cm, few branched. Stem many branched basally, ca. 3 mm thick. Leaves alternate; stipules absent; petiole absent; leaf blade linear-rounded, 2-4 cm × 3-5 mm, base attenuate or subtruncate, apex obtuse; lateral veins basal, inconspicuous. Primary involucral leaves 4-6, ovate-oblong to broadly ovate-oblong, 1.5-2.5 × 0.6-1.2 cm, apex rounded or acute; cyathophylls 2, ovate, 1-1.5 × 0.8-1 cm, base rounded or subtruncate, apex acute or rounded. Cyathium sessile; involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 3.5 × 3-5(-7) mm, lobes lacerate or triangular, some pilose on margin and inside; glands 4(-8), brown, subcrescent, apex 2-horned. Male flowers many, slightly exserted from involucre. Female flower: ovary pedicel up to 5 mm; styles connate below middle; style arms slightly 2-lobed. Fruiting peduncle to 8 mm; capsule ovoid-globose, ca. 4.5 × 5.5 mm. Seeds ovoid-globose, 2.5-3 × 2-2.5 mm, yellow-brown, smooth but with spot modification; caruncle present, small, pale yellow, easily lost.
  • Flower, Fruit : April-August
  • Distribution :
    • Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
    • Himachal Pradesh : Hamirpur district
  • Native : China South-Central, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, West Himalaya
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : Indian Subcontinent to South Central China
  • Literature :
    • Photographs of Ashuthosh Sharma
    • Uniyal B.P., Sharma J.R., Choudhery U., Singh D.K. (2007). Flowering Plants of Uttarakhand: A Checklist. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh: 215
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Euphorbia prolifera. Downloaded on 2 July 2024.

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution

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