- Family : MORACEAE
(Mulberry Or Fig Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : ANJEER FAMILY (अंजीर फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System III) : Moraceae
- Synonym(s) : Ficus asperrima Roxb.
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Ficus exasperata Vahl
- Common name : Sand Paper Tree
- Vernacular name :
- Paaje, Gargatti (Kannada)
- Maramthinniathi, Paeperunkaai (Tamil)
- Parakam, Therakam (Malayalam)
- Korisano (Oria)
- Kalmnor (Hindi)
- Karaka bodda, Siri boddana (Telugu)
- Habit : Tree
- Habitat : Stream banks of mixed forests and Tropical moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
- Comments / notes : Occasional on hills above 1000m.
- Flower, Fruit : November-May
- Collector(s) Name : Raja K. Swamy, Arun Sing, Navendu Page, K. Sankara Rao
- Collection Date : 25/03/2016
- Collection Nos : HJCB-0658
- Collection Locality : Semmedu, Kolli Hills, Yercaud, Salem district (TN)
- Distribution :
- Andhra Pradesh : East Godavari district, Vishakapatnam district, Srikakulam district, Kurnool district
- Karnataka : Ballari district, Chikkamagaluru district, Dakshina Kannada district, Davanagare district, Hassan district, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Shivamogga district, Udupi district
- Kerala : All districts of Kerala
- Maharashtra : Thane district
- Odisha : Ganjam district, Mayurbhanj district
- Tamil Nadu : Coimbatore district, Dindigul district, Dharmapuri district, Kanchipuram (Changalpattu-CGP) district, Karur district, Krishnagiri district, Madurai district, Namakkal district, Pudukkottai district, Sivaganga district, Salem district, Tiruchirapalli district, Tiruvannamalai district, Villipuram district, Vellore district
- Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Nicobar Islands
- Native : Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Islands, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Rwanda
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Islands, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3
- R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
- Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan District
- Cecil J. Saldanha, S. R. Ramesh (1984). Flora of Karnataka State vol. 1. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co, New Delhi
- Gowda, 2004 – Flora of Sringeri
- Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg District
- Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi District
- Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere
- Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
- Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
- Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
- Read more :
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Ficus exasperata. Downloaded on 7 September 2024.
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Botanical Description
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![](./hsheet/pdf/Ficus exasperata/112.pdf.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/pdf/Ficus exasperata/113.pdf.jpg) |
Herbarium Specimen(s)
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![](./hsheet/herb/Ficus exasperata/P1010266.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/herb/Ficus exasperata/P1010989.JPG) |
Field Image(s)
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![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/Ficus exasperata1 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/Ficus exasperata3 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/DSC08533 F. exasperata.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/Ficus exasperata fruit _7045.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/Ficus exasperata-ID_0323.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/Ficus sp. 1. _8655.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/Ficus sp. 1. _8656.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/IMG_0697Ficus asperrima.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/_DSC6894.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Ficus exasperata/_DSC6896.JPG) |
India Distribution
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![](india_map.php?state_list=Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka,Kerala,Maharashtra,Odisha,Tamil Nadu,Madhya Pradesh,Andaman and Nicobar Islands,) |
World Distribution
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![](world_map.php?country_list=Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Islands, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Rwanda,Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Islands, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe) |
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