• Family : APOCYNACEAE
  (Dogbane Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : KARONDA FAMILY (करौंदा फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : Apocynaceae
• Synonym(s) : Alstonia kurzii Hook.f.; Alstonia spectabilis Kurz; Echites pala Buch.-Ham. ex Spreng.; Echites scholaris L.; Pala scholaris (L.) Roberty
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.
• Common name : Scholar Tree, Devil Tree, Shaitaanwood Tree, Blackboard Tree, Milkwood Pine, White Cheesewood, Dita Bark, Seven leaved tree
• Vernacular name :
  • Chattiyan, Saitaan ka Jhat (Hindi)
  • Haale mara (Kannada)
  • Aedakularite chettu, Edakulapala, Edkulashettu, Palgaruda, Edakula ponna (Telugu)
  • Aegaalimaram, Aezhilaikalli (Tamil)
  • Chhatin, Chhatian, Khiromula, Sapta parna (Oria)
  • Saptachada (Sanskrit)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Tropical moist deciduous forests, Tropical dry deciduous forests
• Comments / notes : Often planted in avenues and gardens.
• Flower, Fruit : June-January
• Collector(s) Name : Cecil J. Saldanha, K.P.Sreenath; S.R.Ramesh, P.Prakash
• Collection Date : 09-12-1978, 16-12-1978
• Collection Nos : KFP 4890, KFP 5438
• Collection Locality : Surathkal beach, Dakshina Kannada district; Koppa, Chikkamagaluru district
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Andhra Pradesh
  • Karnataka : Hassan district, Chikkamagaluru district, Bengaluru district, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Udupi district, Uttara Kannada district, Davanagare district, Dakshina Kannada district
  • Kerala : Kerala
  • Odisha : Odisha
  • Tamil Nadu : Tamil Nadu
  • Jharkhand :
  • Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
  • Sikkim : Sikkim
  • Himachal Pradesh : Himachal Pradesh
  • Arunachal Pradesh : Dibang valley, Kameng, Siang
  • Meghalaya : Meghalaya
  • Assam : Assam
  • Nagaland : Nagaland
  • Delhi : Delhi
  • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
  • Punjab : Punjab
  • Jammu and Kashmir : Jammu and Kashmir
  • Mizoram : Mizoram
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : North and Middle Andaman,South Andaman
  • Manipur : Manipur
  • Tripura : Tripura
  • Lakshadweep : Kavaratti Islands
• Native : Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Jawa, Lakshadweep Islands, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Solomon Is., Sri La
• Exotic/Native : Native
• World Distribution : Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Jawa, Lakshadweep Islands, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
• Conservation Status : Least Concern (LC)
• Literature :
  • Pullaiah et al., 2011 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 4
  • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
  • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
  • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1.
  • Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
  • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
  • Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan District
  • Gowda, 2004 - Sringeri
  • Ramaswamy & Razi, 1973 – Flora of Bangalore
  • Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg
  • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi
  • Harish Bhat et al, 2013- Netrani Island Report
  • Manjunath et al., 2003– Flora of Davanagere
  • Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
  • Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla: 204
  • C., Sudhakar Reddy & Roy, Parth. (2011). Plant Diversity of Lakshadweep Islands
  • G.S Giri., A.Pramanik., H.J. Chowdhery., G.D Pal and S.K. Das (2008). Materials for Arunachal Pradesh, Vol (2), Pg: 151
  • Indigenous Plants at Biodiversity Park, Ranchi - Ranchi Afforestation Division, Forest and Environmental Department, Jharkhand
• Read more :
  • Plants of the World Online
  • World Flora Online
  • Global Plants on JSTOR
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Alstonia scholaris. Downloaded on 21 November 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

Habitat

India Distribution

World Distribution