- Family : ULMACEAE
(Elm Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : KHIRK FAMILY
- Family (as per The APG System III) : Cannabaceae
- Synonym(s) : Celtis serotina Planch.; Celtis sinensis var. tetrandra (Roxb.) F.Y.Lu, C.H.Ou, Y.T.Chen, Y.S.Chi, K.C.Lu & Y.H.Tseng; Celtis acata Buch.-Ham.; Celtis alpina Royle; Celtis fengqingensis Hu ex E.W.Ma; Celtis formosana Hayata; Celtis glabra Planch.; Celtis hamiltonii Planch.; Celtis kunmingensis; C.C.Cheng & D.Y.Hong; Celtis mollis Planch.; Celtis napalensis Planch.; Celtis roxburghii Planch.; Celtis salvatiana C.K.Schneid.
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Celtis tetrandra Roxb.
- Common name : Niligiri Elm
- Vernacular name :
- Adava, Garuka (Kannada)
- Murungan, Kuviya (Tamil)
- Chitimiti (Oria)
- Jabjabal (Telugu)
- Karukkuyyan, Kuyyamaram, Oma, Poochakkurumaram (Malayalam)
- Habit : Tree
- Habitat : Shola, Tropical moist deciduous forests, Tropical semi-evergreen forests
- Comments / notes : Common in moist deciduous to Tropical semi-evergreen forests across ghats.
- Flower, Fruit : February-October
- Collector(s) Name : S.R. Ramesh, S.B. Manohar
- Collection Date : 16/05/1979
- Collection Nos : KFP 7680
- Collection Locality : B.R. Hills, Chamarajanagar district (KA)
- Distribution :
- Andhra Pradesh : Vishakapatnam district
- Karnataka : Kolar district
- Kerala : Kannur district, Wayanad district, Palakkad district, Idukki district
- Odisha : Ganjam district, Mayurbhanj district, Kalhandi district
- Tamil Nadu : Salem district, Namakkal district
- Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
- Sikkim : Sikkim
- Himachal Pradesh : Himachal Pradesh
- Arunachal Pradesh : Changlang, Lohit
- Meghalaya : Meghalaya
- Assam : Assam
- Nagaland : Nagaland
- Delhi : Delhi
- Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
- Mizoram : Mizoram
- Manipur : Manipur
- Tripura : Tripura
- Native : Bangladesh, China, Bhutan, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Bangladesh, China, Bhutan, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3
- H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
- N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
- Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
- Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
- G.S Giri., A.Pramanik., H.J. Chowdhery., G.D Pal and S.K. Das (2008). Materials for Arunachal Pradesh, Vol (2), Pg: 386
- Read more :
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Celtis tetrandra. Downloaded on 7 September 2024.
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Botanical Description
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![](./hsheet/pdf/Celtis tetrandra/105.pdf.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/pdf/Celtis tetrandra/107.pdf.jpg) |
Herbarium Specimen(s)
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![](./hsheet/herb/Celtis tetrandra/P1010674.JPG) |
Field Image(s)
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![](./hsheet/field/Celtis tetrandra/Celtis tetrandra (3) copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Celtis tetrandra/Celtis tetrandra (6) copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Celtis tetrandra/Celtis tetrandra (8) copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Celtis tetrandra/Celtis tymorensis _1061 copy(2).jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Celtis tetrandra/Celtis tetrandra_1.JPG) |
Habitat
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![](Landscapes_thumbs/muthanga range wayanad.JPG) |
![](Landscapes_thumbs/Radhanagari.JPG) |
![](Landscapes_thumbs/Peimalai mottai, Ghost mountain top, 1706m, 5600 feet, prime tahr area, burnt on both the slopes), A.J.T.Johnsingh. DSCN0788.JPG) |
![](Landscapes_thumbs/sahyadri 2.JPG) |
India Distribution
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![](india_map.php?state_list=Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka,Kerala,Odisha,Tamil Nadu,Uttarakhand,Sikkim,Himachal Pradesh,Arunachal Pradesh,Meghalaya,Assam,Nagaland,Delhi,Uttar Pradesh,Mizoram,Manipur,Tripura,) |
World Distribution
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![](world_map.php?country_list=Bangladesh, China, Bhutan, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam,Bangladesh, China, Bhutan, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam) |
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