- Family : ASTERACEAE
(Composite Or Aster Or Sunflower Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : GENDA FAMILY (गेंदा फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System III) : Compositae
- Synonym(s) : Xanthium strumarium L.
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Xanthium strumarium L.
- Common name : Burweed, Cocklebur, Rough cocklebur
- Vernacular name :
- Ottarachedi (Tamil)
- Marulamatangi (Telugu)
- Lamdga (Marathi)
- Otta, Ottukai (Malayalam)
- Habit : Undershrub
- Habitat : Tropical dry deciduous forests
- Comments / notes : Abundant in wasteland and in plains up to 1500m.
- Flower, Fruit : Throughout the year
- Distribution :
- Andhra Pradesh : Anantapur district, Chittoor district, Kadapa district, East Godavari district, Guntur district, Krishna district, Kurnool district, Nellore district, Prakasam district, Srikakulam district, Vishakapatnam district, Vizianagaram district, West Godavari district
- Telangana : Nalgonda district, Khammam district, Mehboobnagar district
- Karnataka : Ballari district, Chamarajanagar district, Kolar district
- Kerala : Kasaragod district, Kannur district, Wayanad district, Kozhikode district, Malappuram district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Idukki district, Kottayam district, Alappuzha district, Pathanamthitta district
- Maharashtra : Akola district, Vasai (Suruchi)
- Odisha : Angul district, Balasore district, Bargarh district, Bolangir district, Boudh district, Cuttack district, Deogarh district, Dhenkanal district, Gajapati district, Ganjam district, Kalhandi district, Kandhamal district, Kendrapara district, Keonjhar district, Khurda district, Koraput district, Malkangiri district, Mayurbhanj district, Puri district, Rayagada district,Sambalpur district, Sundergarh district
- Tamil Nadu : Coimbatore district, Dindigul district, Dharmapuri district, Kanchipuram (Changalpattu-CGP) district, Karur district, Krishnagiri district, Madurai district, Namakkal district, Pudukkottai district, Sivaganga district, Salem district, Tiruchirapalli district, Tiruvannamalai district, Villipuram district, Vellore district
- Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
- Sikkim : Sikkim
- Himachal Pradesh : Chamba district, Kangra district, Kinnaur district, Shimla district, Solan district
- Arunachal Pradesh : Arunachal Pradesh
- Delhi : Delhi
- Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
- Punjab : Punjab
- Rajasthan : Jaisalmer district, Barmer district, Bikaner district, Jodhpur district
- Jammu and Kashmir : Jammu and Kashmir
- Native : Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Baleares, Bhutan, Bulgaria, Cambodia, China, Corse, Czechoslovakia, East Aegean Islands, East European Russia, France, Greece, Hainan, Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Italy, Kriti, Krym, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Manchuria,
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : S. Central & S. Europe to China and Indo-China, Taiwan, NW. Africa
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3
- R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
- J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
- R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
- H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
- N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
- Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
- H J, Chowdhery, et al. Flora of Himachal Pradesh. Volume 2, Botanical Survey of India, 1984. Pg.: 429
- Read more :
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Xanthium indicum. Downloaded on 1 April 2025.
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