Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.

 
  • Family : COMBRETACEAE
    (Combretum Or Indian Almond Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : ARJUN FAMILY (अर्जुन फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Combretaceae
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.
  • Common name : Belliric myrobalan, Bedda nut tree
  • Vernacular name :
    • Baheda, Bhaira (Hindi)
    • Shanti mara, Taree mara (Kannada)
    • Thani, Kandugam, Sirittan, Tandi, Thaani, Vibidigan, Semmaram (Tamil)
    • Thara, Thandra, Thadi, Bhutavasamu, Tani, Vibhitakamu (Telugu)
    • Bahada, Baria (Oria)
    • Bibhitaka (Sanskrit)
    • Behada (Marathi)
    • Thanni, Thannikka, Tusham (Malayalam)
  • Habit : Tree
  • Habitat : Tropical semi-evergreen forests, Tropical moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
  • Comments / notes : On hills up to 1400m. Plant is medicinal, fruits are used in preparation of 'Triphala Churna' (native preparation along with E.officinalis Gaert. & T.chebula Retz for respiratory disorders).
  • Flower, Fruit : March-December
  • Distribution :
    • Andhra Pradesh : Vishakapatnam district, East Godavari district, Kurnool district
    • Karnataka : Bellary district, Kolar district
    • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
    • Maharashtra : Akola district
    • Tamil Nadu : Shevaroy Hills, Kalrayan Hills (Salem district), Chitteri Hills (Vellore district)
  • Native : Indian subcontinent
  • World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Indo-China, Malesia
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Literature :
    • Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3
    • J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1
    • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
    • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
    • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
    • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
    • N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
    • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Terminalia bellirica. Downloaded on 1 July 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

Habitat

India Distribution

World Distribution

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