- Family : STERCULIACEAE
(Sterculia Or Cocoa Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : COCOA FAMILY
- Family (as per The APG System III) : Malvaceae
- Synonym(s) : Clompanus armata (Mast.) Kuntze; Clompanus villosa (Roxb. ex Sm.) Kuntze; Sterculia armata Mast.; Sterculia lantsangensis Hu
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Sterculia villosa Roxb.
- Common name : Hairy Sterculia, Elephant rope tree
- Vernacular name :
- Udhal (Hindi)
- Bilidali (Kannada)
- Muratthan, Vakkai, Anai-nar (Tamil)
- Kummari puliki (Telugu)
- Kodalo (Oria)
- Kudal, Kuthada, Sardol (Marathi)
- Vakka, Vakkanarumaram (Malayalam)
- Oudal (Assamese)
- Ubak (Garo)
- Dieng star(Khasi)
- Hei-rit (Manipuri)
- Habit : Tree
- Habitat : Deciduous forests
- Comments / notes : Leafless between December to May. The gum is used as substitute for Gum Karaya. The fibre is coarse but strong, made in to ropes and breast bands of elephant to drag timber.
- Key identification features : A moderate-sized or large tree with a smooth, glossy, grey bark, with numerous corky warts and with a wavy appearance, cut reddish-brown.
- Flower, Fruit : January-June
- Distribution :
- Andhra Pradesh : Vishakapatnam district, Kurnool district, Nellore district, Srikakulam district
- Karnataka : BR Hills (Chamarajanagar district)
- Kerala : Wayanad district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Idukki district, Thiruvananthapuram district
- Maharashtra : Amravati district, Mumbai-City district, Mumbai Suburban district, Pune district, Raigad district, Ratnagiri district, Sindhudurg district
- Odisha : Mayurbhanj district
- Tamil Nadu : Coimbatore district, The Nilgiri district, Salem district, Villipuram district, Cuddalore district
- Uttarakhand : Nainital district
- Sikkim : Sikkim
- West Bengal : West Bengal
- Arunachal Pradesh : Arunachal Pradesh
- Meghalaya : Meghalaya
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Native : Indian subcontinent
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : South Asia, Myanmar
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 1
- R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
- H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI
- Neginhal, S.G. 2011. Forest trees of the Western Ghats includes Eastern Ghats Deccan Plateau
- Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1.
- Nair, N. G (1977).Flora of Bashahr Himalayas. International Bioscience Publishers: 47
- Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla
- 101
- Read more :
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Sterculia villosa. Downloaded on 2 July 2024.
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Botanical Description
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![](./hsheet/pdf/Sterculia villosa/236.pdf.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/pdf/Sterculia villosa/237.pdf.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/pdf/Sterculia villosa/238.pdf.jpg) |
Herbarium Specimen(s)
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![](./hsheet/herb/Sterculia villosa/P1010623.JPG) |
Field Image(s)
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![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/5496612110_e4055e0839_zSterculia villosa.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/P1010061 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/P1010062 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia IDP1010064 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia vill copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa ID (11) copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa ID (2) copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa ID (5) copy.jpg) |
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![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/UN74 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/IMG_7295.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/IMG_7753.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia urens ID _7747.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa_13.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa_15.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa_16.JPG) |
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![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa_2.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Sterculia villosa/Sterculia villosa_5.JPG) |
India Distribution
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![](india_map.php?state_list=Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka,Kerala,Maharashtra,Odisha,Tamil Nadu,Uttarakhand,Sikkim,West Bengal,Arunachal Pradesh,Meghalaya,Andaman and Nicobar Islands,) |
World Distribution
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![](world_map.php?country_list=Indian subcontinent,South Asia, Myanmar) |
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