• Family : MYRTACEAE
  (Myrtle Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : JAMUN FAMILY (जामुन फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : Myrtaceae
• Synonym(s) : Calyptranthes capitellata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Calyptranthes caryophyllifolia (Lam.) Willd.; Calyptranthes cumini (L.) Pers.; Calyptranthes cuminodora Stokes; Calyptranthes jambolana (Lam.) Willd.; Calyptranthes jambolifera Stokes; Calyptranthes oneillii Lundell; Calyptranthes pedunculata Forsyth f.; Calyptranthes tenuis Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Caryophyllus corticosus Stokes; Caryophyllus jambos Stokes; Eugenia brachiata Roxb.; Eugenia calyptrata Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Eugenia caryophyllifolia Lam.; Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce; Eugenia djouat Perr.; Eugenia fruticosa (DC.) Roxb.; Eugenia jambolana Lam.; Eugenia jambolana var. caryophyllifolia (Lam.) Duthie; Eugenia jambolifera Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Eugenia obovata Poir.; Eugenia obtusifolia Roxb.; Eugenia odorata Wight; Eugenia tenuis Duthie; Eugenia tsoi Merr. & Chun; Jambolifera chinensis Spreng.; Jambolifera coromandelica Houtt.; Jambolifera pedunculata Houtt.; Myrtus corticosa Spreng.; Myrtus cumini L.; Myrtus obovata (Poir.) Spreng.; Syzygium brachiatum (Roxb.) Miq.; Syzygium caryophyllifolium (Lam.) DC.; Syzygium cumini var. caryophyllifolium (Lam.) K.K.Khanna; Syzygium cumini var. obtusifolium (Roxb.) K.K.Khanna; Syzygium cumini var. tsoi (Merr. & Chun) H.T.Chang & R.H.Miao; Syzygium fruticosum DC.; Syzygium jambolanum (Lam.) DC.; Syzygium jambolanum var. axillare Gamble; Syzygium obovatum (Poir.) DC.; Syzygium obtusifolium (Roxb.) Kostel.; Syzygium pseudojambolana Miq.;Syzygium tenue (Duthie) N.P.Balakr.
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels
• Common name : Indian Blackberry, Black Plum, Jambolan, Jambu, Jambol, Jaman, Java plum, Naval, Neredu
• Vernacular name :
  • Jamun, Jambhal (Hindi)
  • Neerale gida (Kannada)
  • Nava, Naval, Malai Naval (Tamil)
  • Neredu, Jambu, Jinna (Telugu)
  • Jamu, Jankori, Chota jamb (Oria)
  • Jambu, Birkad (Sanskrit)
  • Jambal (Marathi)
  • Njara, Njaval, Perinnaral, Valiyanjaval (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Tropical evergreen forests, also in the plains
• Comments / notes : Occasional in plains to 1400m in a variety of habitats, in sholas, river banks and also planted as avenue tree.
• Flower, Fruit : December-July
• Collector(s) Name : Cecil J. Saldanha
• Collection Date : 25/03/1969
• Collection Nos : CJS 13126
• Collection Locality : Hassan-Sakleshpur road, Hassan district
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Anantapur district, Chittoor district, Y.S.R. Kadapa district, East Godavari district, Guntur district, Krishna district, Kurnool district, S.P.S. Nellore district, Prakasam district, Srikakulam district, Visakhapatnam district, Vizianagaram district, West Godavari district
  • Telangana : Nalgonda district, Khammam district, Mahbubnagar district
  • Karnataka : Ballari district, Chamarajanagara district, Kolar district, Bengaluru Urban district, Bengaluru Rural district (FRLHT Campus)
  • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
  • Maharashtra : Akola district
  • Odisha : Angul district, Balasore district, Bargarh district, Balangir district, Boudh district, Cuttack district, Deogarh district, Dhenkanal district, Gajapati district, Ganjam district, Kalahandi district, Kandhamal district, Kendrapara district, Kendujhar district, Khordha district, Koraput district, Malkangiri district, Mayurbhanj district, Puri district, Rayagada district,Sambalpur district, Sundargarh district
  • Tamil Nadu : Coimbatore district, Dindigul district, Dharmapuri district, Kancheepuram (Changalpattu-CGP) district, Karur district, Krishnagiri district, Madurai district, Namakkal district, Pudukkottai district, Sivaganga district, Salem district, Tiruchirapalli district, Tiruvannamalai district, Villipuram district, Vellore district
  • Jharkhand :
  • Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
  • Sikkim : Sikkim
  • West Bengal : West Bengal
  • Himachal Pradesh : Chamba district, Hamirpur district, Mandi district, Sirmaur district, Una district
  • Arunachal Pradesh : Arunachal Pradesh
  • Meghalaya : Meghalaya
  • Assam : Assam
  • Nagaland : Nagaland
  • Delhi : Delhi
  • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
  • Punjab : Punjab
  • Mizoram : Mizoram
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : North and Middle Andaman,South Andaman,Port Blair taluk,Barren Island
  • Manipur : Manipur
  • Tripura : Tripura
  • Lakshadweep : Lakshadweep
• Native : Andaman Islands, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Hainan, India, Jawa, Lakshadweep Islands, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Thailand, Vietnam
• Exotic/Native : Native
• World Distribution : Andaman Islands, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Hainan, India, Jawa, Lakshadweep Islands, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Thailand, Vietnam
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature :
  • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
  • Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3
  • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
  • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
  • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
  • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
  • N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
  • Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
  • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
  • Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla: 173
  • Indigenous Plants at Biodiversity Park, Ranchi - Ranchi Afforestation Division, Forest and Environmental Department, Jharkhand
  • H J, Chowdhery, et al. Flora of Himachal Pradesh. Volume 1, Botanical Survey of India, 1984. Pg.: 289
• Read more :
  • Plants of the World Online
  • World Flora Online
  • Global Plants on JSTOR
• Permalink : http://indiaflora-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Syzygium cumini
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2026). India Flora Online. http://indiaflora-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Syzygium cumini. Downloaded on 8 January 2026.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Line Drawings

Field Image(s)

Habitat

Distribution District wise

India Distribution

World Distribution