-  Family : ORCHIDACEAE
 (Orchid Family) 
-  Family (Hindi name) : ORCHID FAMILY (ऑर्चिड फैमिली) 
 
-  Family (as per The APG System III) : Orchidaceae
 
-  Synonym(s) : Aristotelea spiralis Lour.; Epidendrum aristotelea Raeusch.; Gyrostachys australis var. sinensis (Pers.) Blume; Ibidium spirale (Lour.) Makino; Neottia sinensis Pers.; Spiranthes aristotelea Merr.; Spiranthes australis var. sinensis (Pers.) Gagnep.; Spiranthes spiralis (Lour.) Makino; Neottia australis var. chinensis Lindl.; Neottia pudica (Lindl.) Sweet; Spiranthes australis var. pudica (Lindl.) F.Muell.; Spiranthes australis var. suishaensis Hayata; Spiranthes indica Lindl. ex Steud.; Spiranthes lancea var. chinensis (Lindl.) Hatus.; Spiranthes neocaledonica Schltr.; Spiranthes papuana Schltr.; Spiranthes pitouchaoensis S.S.Ying; Spiranthes pudica Lindl.; Spiranthes sinensis f. autumnus Tsukaya; Spiranthes sinensis f. gracilis F.Maek. ex Tsukaya; Spiranthes suishaensis (Hayata) Schltr. 
 
-  Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames 
 
-  Habit : Herb 
 
-  Habitat : Edges of streams, on moss covered rocks 
 
-  Comments / notes : Terrestrial or Lythophyte. Occasional on hills in marshy ground on fully exposed sun among grass. 
 
-  Key identification features : Epiphytic, tuberous herbs; Leaves 3-5, clustered at base; Flowers in spirally twisted spike, white; peduncles pubescent; Lip oblong with subsaccate base; Capsules fusiform.  
 
-  Flower, Fruit : March-September 
 
-  Distribution : 
-  Kerala : Palakkad district, Idukki district 
 -  Maharashtra : Mumbai-City district, Mumbai Suburban district, Thane district, Palghar district, Raigad district, Ratnagiri district, Sindhudurg district, Latur district 
 -  Odisha : Mayurbhanj district, Cuttack district 
 -  Tamil Nadu : Salem district 
 -  Arunachal Pradesh : Kameng, Lohit, Siang, Subansiri, Tirap 
 -  Assam : Assam 
 
  
-  Native : Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, China, Hainan, India, Japan, Laos, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Taiwan, Vietnam 
 
-  Exotic/Native : Native 
 
-  World Distribution : Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, China, Hainan, India, Japan, Laos, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Taiwan, Vietnam 
 
-  Conservation Status : Least Concern (LC) 
 
-  Literature :
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3 
 
-  H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa 
 
-  UCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1.  
 
-  B. D. Sharma, S. Karthikeyan & N. P. Singh 1996 - Flora of Maharashtra state - Monocotyledons 
 
-  Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983 
 
-  Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI. 
 
-  H J, Chowdhery, et al. Materials for Flora of Arunachal Pradesh. Volume 3, Botanical Survey of India, 2009. Pg.: 156 
 
  
-  Read more :
 
-  Permalink : http://indiaflora-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Spiranthes sinensis
 
-  Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2025). India Flora Online. http://indiaflora-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Spiranthes sinensis. Downloaded on  4 November 2025.
 
 
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