- Family : EUPHORBIACEAE
(Spurge Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : AMLA FAMILY (आँवला फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System III) : Phyllanthaceae
- Basionym : Phyllanthus virosus Roxb. ex Willd.
- Synonym(s) : Flueggea microcarpa Blume; Acidoton virosus (Roxb. ex Willd.) Kuntze; Phyllanthus virosus Roxb. ex Willd.
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle
- Vernacular name :
- Gadahallae (Kannada)
- Karumpula, Aduthinnichedi (Tamil)
- Pandharphalli (Marathi)
- Perimklavu, Vellapoolam (Malayalam)
- Habit : Shrub
- Habitat : Dry and Tropical moist deciduous forests and wastelands
- Comments / notes : Often on hills to 1200m on bare slopes and exposed rocks; a high altitude replacement of S. Leucopyrus.
- Flower, Fruit : March-December
- Distribution :
- Andhra Pradesh : Kadapa district, West Godavari district, Srikakulam district, Kurnool district, Anantapur district, Chittoor district
- Telangana : Khammam district, Adilabad district
- Karnataka : Kolar district, Hassan district, Chikkamagaluru district, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Mysuru district
- Kerala : All districts of Kerala
- Maharashtra : Akola district
- Odisha : Puri district, Sambalpur district, Kalhandi district, Mayurbhanj district, Rayagada district, Koraput district, Cuttack district
- Tamil Nadu : Coimbatore district, Dindigul district, Dharmapuri district, Kanchipuram (Changalpattu-CGP) district, Karur district, Krishnagiri district, Madurai district, Namakkal district, Pudukkottai district, Sivaganga district, Salem district, Tiruchirapalli district, Tiruvannamalai district, Villipuram district, Vellore district
- Uttarakhand : Nainital district
- Sikkim : Sikkim
- Arunachal Pradesh : Changlang, Kameng, Lohit
- Meghalaya : Meghalaya
- Assam : Assam
- Nagaland : Nagaland
- Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
- Punjab : Punjab
- Rajasthan : Jaisalmer district, Barmer district, Bikaner district, Jodhpur district
- Mizoram : Mizoram
- Manipur : Manipur
- Tripura : Tripura
- Native : Andaman Islands, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia,
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Andaman Islands, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mauritania, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Oman, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Socotra, Somalia, South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Australia, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3
- R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
- R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
- H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
- N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
- Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
- G.S Giri., A.Pramanik., H.J. Chowdhery., G.D Pal and S.K. Das (2008). Materials for Arunachal Pradesh, Vol (2), Pg: 383
- Read more :
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Securinega virosa. Downloaded on 7 September 2024.
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Botanical Description
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![](./hsheet/pdf/Securinega virosa/163.pdf.jpg) |
Herbarium Specimen(s)
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![](./hsheet/herb/Securinega virosa/P1010570.JPG) |
Field Image(s)
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![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/DSC_0005 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/DSC_0010 copy.jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Securinega leucopyrus _0810 copy(2).jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Securinega leucopyrus_0812 copy(2).jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Securinega sp. _1057 copy(2).jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Securingea leucopyrus euph1 copy(2).jpg) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/DSC_9548.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Secureniga virosa _2990.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Securinega virosa_1.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Securinega virosa_2.JPG) |
![](./hsheet/field/Securinega virosa/Securinega virosa_3.JPG) |
India Distribution
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![](india_map.php?state_list=Andhra Pradesh,Telangana,Karnataka,Kerala,Maharashtra,Odisha,Tamil Nadu,Uttarakhand,Sikkim,Arunachal Pradesh,Meghalaya,Assam,Nagaland,Uttar Pradesh,Punjab,Rajasthan,Mizoram,Manipur,Tripura,) |
World Distribution
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![](world_map.php?country_list=Andaman Islands, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, ,Andaman Islands, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mauritania, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Islands, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Oman, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Socotra, Somalia, South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Australia, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe) |
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