• Family : ULMACEAE
  (Elm Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : KHIRK FAMILY
• Family (as per The APG System III) : CANNABACEAE
• Synonym(s) : Celtis serotina Planch.
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Celtis tetrandra Roxb.
• Common name : Niligiri Elm
• Vernacular name : Adava, Garuka (Kannada); Murungan, Kuviya (Tamil); Chitimiti (Oria); Jabjabal (Telugu); Karukkuyyan, Kuyyamaram, Oma, Poochakkurumaram (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Shola forests, Moist deciduous, Semi-Evergreen forests
• Comments / notes : Common in moist deciduous to semi-evergreen forests across ghats.
• Flower, Fruit : February-October
• Collector(s) Name : S.R. Ramesh & S.B. Manohar
• Collection Date : 16/05/1979
• Collection Nos : KFP 7680
• Collection Locality : B.R. Hills, Chamarajanagar district (KA)
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Vishakapatnam district
  • Karnataka : Kolar district
  • Kerala : Kannur district, Wayanad district, Palakkad district, Idukki district
  • Odisha : Ganjam district, Mayurbhanj district, Kalhandi district
  • Tamil Nadu : Salem district, Namakkal district
• Native : Indo-Malaysia
• World Distribution : India, Indo-China, Himalayas, China, Myanmar, Nepal, Malaysia
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Celtis tetrandra. Downloaded on 3 June 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)