• Family : ARACEAE
  (Arum Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : OAL FAMILY
• Family (as per The APG System III) : ARACEAE
• Basionym : Arum tortuosum Wall.
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott
• Vernacular name : Sardacha-jad (Marathi); Whipcord Cobra Lily, Jack in the pulpit (Malayalam); Kushnopeni, Bhaiabimula (Oria); Pamukanda (Telugu)
• Habit : Herb
• Habitat : Deciduous forests
• Comments / notes : Occasional in hills under shade from 800m onwards
• Flower, Fruit : May-November
• Collector(s) Name : Arun Singh & Raja K. Swamy
• Collection Date : 31/10/2015
• Collection Nos : HJCB-0389
• Collection Locality : Swamymalai Hills, Vellore district (TN)
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Vishakapatnam district, East Godavari district, Vizianagaram district
  • Karnataka : Hassan district, Mysuru district, Dakshina Kannada district, Udupi district, Uttara Kannada district, Chikkamagaluru district
  • Kerala : Kasaragod district, Kannur district, Wayanad district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Idukki district, Pathanamthitta district, Kollam district, Thiruvananthapuram district
  • Maharashtra : Ahmednagar district, Mumbai-City district, Mumbai Suburban district, Kolhapur district, Nashik district, Pune district, Raigad district, Ratnagiri district, Satara district, Sindhudurg district, Thane district
  • Odisha : Kalhandi district, Mayurbhanj district, Bargarh district, Koraput district
  • Tamil Nadu : Bodamalai Hills (Salem district), Melagiri hills (Dharmapuri district), Chitteri Hills, Yelegiri Hills (Vellore district)
• World Distribution : India, Himalayas, Sri Lanka
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1996- Flora of Orissa Vol. 4; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa; B. D. Sharma, S. Karthikeyan & N. P. Singh 1996 - Flora of Maharashtra state - Monocotyledons; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Naidu, M.T., O.A. Kumar & M. Venkaiah 2015. Vascular Plant diversity in the sacred grove of Modapalli in Visakapanam district of Andhra Pradesh, India. JoTT 7 (10): 7683-7690; Pullaiah, 1997. Fl. Andhra Pradesh, vol. 3. pp. 951; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI; Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan district; Rao & Razi, 1981 – Flora of Mysore; Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Arisaema tortuosum. Downloaded on 31 October 2025.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)