• Family : RUBIACEAE
  (Madder Or Coffee Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : COFFEE FAMILY (कॉफी फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : RUBIACEAE
• Basionym : Cinchona orixensis Roxb.
• Synonym(s) : Cinchona excelsa Roxb.; Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb.) Wall.
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Hymenodictyon orixense (Roxb.) Mabb.
• Common name : Bridal Couch Tree, Kuthan
• Vernacular name : Bahaulan, Kukurkat, Bhurkur, Bhanlan, Bhamin, Dhauli (Hindi); Dodda toppemara (Kannada); Kadappu, Kotthamaram (Tamil); Durrudippa, Dudippa, Dadiyetta, Burja (Telugu); Bodika, Konu, Ghuli, Kansa Bhurkunda, Bohramal (Oria); Bringha vraksha (Sanskrit); Dudippa (Telugu); Chakkathekku, Ithil, Ittiyila, Nicham, Malamkall, Perumtholi, Perantholi, Vellakdamabu (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Dry deciduous forests, also in the plains
• Comments / notes : On higher hills of deciduous slopes up to 1400m.
• Flower, Fruit : August-January
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Kurnool district, Kadapa district, East Godavari district, Srikakulam district, West Godavari district, Vishakapatnam district
  • Karnataka : Bengaluru district, Ballari district, Tumakuru district, Udupi district, Dakshina Kannada district
  • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
  • Odisha : Mayurbhanj district
  • Tamil Nadu : Salem district
• World Distribution : India, Myanmar, China, Malaysia, Nepal, Java, Africa
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3; J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.; Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg District; Rao & Razi, 1981 – A Synoptic Flora of Mysore District; Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi District; Bhaskar & Kushalappa, 2013- Flora of Tumkur District; Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Hymenodictyon orixense. Downloaded on 3 July 2025.

Botanical Description

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