• Family : RUBIACEAE
  (Madder Or Coffee Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : COFFEE FAMILY (कॉफी फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : RUBIACEAE
• Synonym(s) : Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Hook.f. ex Brandis
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsdale
• Common name : Haldu
• Vernacular name : Haldu, Kadami (Hindi); Anavu (Kannada); Manjakadambai, Pumpadari, Parasamaram, Poonthekku (Tamil); Patchi Kamba Chettu, Pasupu ganapa, Pasupu kadamba, Rudra ganapa, Bandari, Bandaru, Pedda kamba, Keli kadamba gacha (Telugu); Maldu, Koim, Kurum, Halanda, Mandi, Kurnn (Oria); Haridru (Sanskrit); Barakuram, Katamba, Manjakadambu, Malamkadambu (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
• Comments / notes : Occasional on foothills to 1400m, sometimes planted in plains.
• Key identification features : A large and beautiful deciduous tree. Bole buttressed. Leaves are simple, orbicular to cordate, with an acuminate tip. Flowers are small and yellow and aggregated in heads. Corolla is funnel- shaped. Stamens are 5 and attached at the mouth of the corolla. Filaments are short with oblong anthers. Fruit is a capsule.
• Flower, Fruit : October-June
• Collector(s) Name : Arun Singh R, Raja K.Swamy & Rajasri Ray; B.R.Ramesh & Shivaprakash
• Collection Date : 11/09/2014
• Collection Nos : HJCB-0005; CJS 13678, KFP 13354
• Collection Locality : Kavalur Observatory, Jawadhu Hills, Tiruvannamalai district (TN); Malagaon FRL (Uttara Kannada)
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Kurnool district, Nellore district, Kadapa district, East Godavari district, Srikakulam district, West Godavari district, Vishakapatnam district
  • Karnataka : Bengaluru district, Ballari district, Chikkamagaluru district, Dakshina Kannada district, Davanagare district, Hassan district, Kolar district, Mysuru district, Shivamogga district, Tumakuru district, Udupi district, Uttara Kannada district
  • Kerala : Kasaragod district, Kannur district, Wayanad district, Kozhikode district, Malappuram district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Ernakulam district, Idukki district, Pathanamthitta district, Kollam district, Thiruvananthapuram district
  • Odisha : Mayurbhanj district, Koraput district
  • Tamil Nadu : Madurai district, Salem district, Tiruvannamalai district, Dharmapuri district, Dindigul district
• World Distribution : India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, China, Vietnam, Thailand, Bangladesh
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3; J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 - Flora of Hassan district, Karnataka; Rao & Razi, 1981 – A Synoptic Flora of Mysore District; Bhaskar & Kushalappa, 2013- Flora of Tumkur District; N.P.Singh, 1988- Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere District; Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2014 - Flora of South Kanara; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Haldina cordifolia. Downloaded on 3 July 2025.

Botanical Description

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