• Family : NYCTAGINACEAE
  (Four-O'clock Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : BOOGANBEL FAMILY (बूगनबेल फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : NYCTAGINACEAE
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Pisonia aculeata L.
• Common name : West Indian cock's spur, Hairy Water Lily
• Vernacular name : Antuhannu gida (Kannada); Marukalli, Selamaranjaan, Kodi kuttippadatthi (Tamil); Karindhu, Kodimullaram (Malayalam); Pisangi, Konki, Konkara patri, Emgudi (Telugu)
• Habit : Climbing shrub
• Habitat : Semi-Evergreen forests and dry deciduous forests, also in rocky islands
• Comments / notes : Often on plains to 800m, in wastelands, and forest clearings. An aggressive colonizer on disturbed ground.
• Flower, Fruit : March-April
• Collector(s) Name : R. Raghavendra Rao
• Collection Date : 07/02/1972
• Collection Nos : R.R. Rao 1664
• Collection Locality : Way to M.M. Hills from Kollegal, Chamarajanagar district (KA)
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Vishakapatnam district, Guntur district, Anantapur district, Chittoor district
  • Kerala : Kannur district, Wayanad district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Idukki district
  • Odisha : Ganjam district
  • Tamil Nadu : Madurai district, Namakkal district, Salem district, Tiruchirapalli district, Vellore district, Dindigul district, Dharmapuri district, Sivaganga district, Tiruvannamalai district
• World Distribution : Tropical America, Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, India, Myanmar, Indo-China, China, Hainan, Formosa, Malaysia
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3; Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Pisonia aculeata. Downloaded on 3 April 2025.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)