• Family : MALVACEAE
  (Mallow Or Hibiscus Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : GURHAL FAMILY (गुड़हल फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : MALVACEAE
• Synonym(s) : Sida alba L.
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Sida spinosa L.
• Common name : Prickly sida, Prickly mallow
• Vernacular name : Bariyara, Gulkasari (Hindi); Kadumenthya (Kannada); Naagbala, Tera nella benda, Mayalu manickyam (Telugu); Bajramuli, Nindilat (Oria); Mahabala (Sanskrit); Aanakurunthotti, Aanathuthi, Kattaventhiyam, Mayiramanikkam, Mayirmanikkam, Valiya-oorakam (Malayalam)
• Habit : Undershrub
• Habitat : Wastelands
• Comments / notes : Occasional on hills up to 900m
• Flower, Fruit : March-December
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Amagondapalem RF (Anantapur district), Nellore district
  • Kerala : Kollam district
  • Maharashtra : All districts of Maharashtra
  • Odisha : Jambu (Cuttack district)
  • Tamil Nadu : All districts of Tamil Nadu
• Native : Pantropical
• World Distribution : Pantropical
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 1; Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Sida spinosa. Downloaded on 2 April 2025.

Botanical Description

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