Herbarium JCB

Hydnocarpus pentandrus (Buch.-Ham.) Oken

Family : FLACOURTIACEAE
(Flacourtia Family)
Family (Hindi name) : CHILLA FAMILY (चिल्ला फैमिली)
Family (as per The APG System III) : SALICACEAE
Basionym : Chilmoria pentandra Buch.-Ham.
Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Hydnocarpus pentandrus (Buch.-Ham.) Oken
Common name : Chaulmugra
Vernacular name : Turavaka (Sanskrit); Toratti, Chalmogra yenne mara, Mirolhakai (Kannada); Kadukavath, Kantel, Kastel, Kowti, Keti (Marathi); Kotti, Maravetti, Marotti, Neeratti, Niralam, Thamana (Malayalam)
Habit : Tree
Habitat : Semi-evergreen, deciduous, and moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
Comments / notes : occurs in Western Ghats, from Goa to Kanyakumari. Elevation 40- 900m. EOO/AOO- 41286/15859 sq km.
Key identification features : Trees, up to 26m tall, girth up to 3m. Leaves simple, alternate, serrate, elliptic-oblong, 8-20 x 4-8 cm, apex acuminate, base slightly oblique, petiole 0.7- 2.2 cm, swollen at both ends, secondary nerves 5-7 pairs. Flowers unisexual, monoecius, male in axillary cymes, female solitary. Fruit woody, spherical, up to 8 cm across, brown powdery tomentose. Can be distinguished by its slightly oblique base and petiole which is swollen at both ends.
Flower, Fruit : March-August
Distribution :
- Karnataka : Chikkamagaluru district, Dakshina Kannada district, Davanagare district, Udupi district, Uttara Kannada district, Bengaluru district (FRLHT Campus)
- Kerala : All districts of Kerala
- Maharashtra : Mumbai Suburban district, Kolhapur district, Ratnagiri district, Sindhudurg district
Native : India
Endemism : Western Ghats
World Distribution : India
Conservation Status : Least Concern (LC)
Literature : Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg district; Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi district; Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere district; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI; Navendu Page (2017). Endemic woody plants of the Western Ghats.
Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Hydnocarpus pentandrus. Downloaded on 21 November 2024.