• Family : EUPHORBIACEAE
  (Spurge Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : AMLA FAMILY (आँवला फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : EUPHORBIACEAE
• Synonym(s) : Euphorbia antiquorum var. polygona Wight
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Euphorbia antiquorum L.
• Common name : Triangular spurge
• Vernacular name : Tidhara (Hindi); Chandra galli, Mundu galli (Kannada); Sadhurakalli (Tamil); Vajrakantakah, Tridhara (Sanskrit); Dokanasiju (Oria); Bommajamudu, Pedda jemudu (Telugu); Chathurakalli, Katakkalli, Palkalli (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Scrub jungles, foothills of deciduous forests
• Comments / notes : Often on plains to 800m in scrub jungles and dry deciduous forests.
• Flower, Fruit : December-April
• Collector(s) Name : Raja K. Swamy, Arun Singh, Navendu Page & K. Sankara Rao
• Collection Date : 23/03/2016
• Collection Nos : HJCB-E-0362
• Collection Locality : Yercaud hills, Salem district (TN)
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Kurnool district, Srikakulam district
  • Karnataka : Bengaluru district, Belagavi district, Vijayapura (Bijapur) district, Chitradurga district, Davanagare district, Dharwad district, Mysuru district, Raichur district, Tumakuru district, Uttara Kannada district
  • Kerala : Idukki district, Thiruvananthapuram district, Palakkad district
  • Odisha : Khurda district
  • Tamil Nadu : Throughout Tamil Nadu
• Native : India, Sri Lanka
• World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI; Saldanha & Nicolson, 1976 – Flora of Hassan District; Saldanha, C.J. (1996). Flora of Karnataka vol. 2. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co, New Delhi; Gowda, 2004 -Flora of Sringeri; Ramaswamy & Razi, 1973 – Flora of Bangalore district; Seetharam et al., 2000 – Flora of District Gulbarga; Rao & Razi, 1981 – A Synoptic Flora of Mysore; Keshava Murthy & Yoganarasimhan, 1990 – Flora of Coorg District; Manjunath et al., 2003 – Flora of Davanagere District
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Euphorbia antiquorum. Downloaded on 3 April 2025.

Botanical Description

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