• Family : EUPHORBIACEAE
  (Spurge Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : AMLA FAMILY (आँवला फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : EUPHORBIACEAE
• Synonym(s) : Croton oblongifolius Roxb.; Croton persimilis Müll.Arg.
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Croton persimilis Müll.Arg.
• Common name : Devil's Goad
• Vernacular name : Hakuma (Hindi); Bhoothala Bhairava (Kannada); Kotepurol, Pongalam, Somaraaji, Thomarayam (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Scrub forests, also in the plains
• Flower, Fruit : February-December
• Distribution :
  • Karnataka : Dakshina Kannada district, Udupi district, Uttara Kannada district
  • Kerala : Kasaragod district, Malappuram district, Thrissur district, Ernakulam district, Alappuzha district
  • Odisha : Mayurbhanj district, Ganjam district, Bargarh district, Sambalpur district, Sundergarh district
• World Distribution : India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 3; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI; Saldanha, C. J. (1996). Flora of Karnataka vol. 2. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co, New Delhi; Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2003 – Flora of Udupi district.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Croton roxburghii. Downloaded on 5 April 2025.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)