• Family : COMBRETACEAE
  (Combretum Or Indian Almond Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : ARJUN FAMILY (अर्जुन फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : COMBRETACEAE
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.
• Common name : Belliric myrobalan, Bedda nut tree
• Vernacular name : Baheda, Bhaira (Hindi); Shanti mara, Taree mara (Kannada); Thani, Kandugam, Sirittan, Tandi, Thaani, Vibidigan, Semmaram (Tamil); Thara, Thandra, Thadi, Bhutavasamu, Tani, Vibhitakamu (Telugu); Bahada, Baria (Oria); Bibhitaka (Sanskrit); Behada (Marathi); Thanni, Thannikka, Tusham (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
• Comments / notes : On hills up to 1400m. Plant is medicinal, fruits are used in preparation of 'Triphala Churna' (native preparation along with E.officinalis Gaert. & T.chebula Retz for respiratory disorders).
• Flower, Fruit : March-December
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Vishakapatnam district, East Godavari district, Kurnool district
  • Karnataka : Bellary district, Kolar district
  • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
  • Maharashtra : Akola district
  • Tamil Nadu : Shevaroy Hills, Kalrayan Hills (Salem district), Chitteri Hills (Vellore district)
• Native : Indian subcontinent
• World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Indo-China, Malesia
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3; J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India; Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Terminalia bellirica. Downloaded on 3 April 2025.

Botanical Description

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