• Family : CELASTRACEAE
  (Staff-Tree Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : MALKANGANI FAMILY (मालकांगनी फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System III) : CELASTRACEAE
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Cassine paniculata (Wight & Arn.) Lobr.-Callen
• Vernacular name : Thannimaram (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Shola, evergreen, deciduous forests
• Comments / notes : Large tree in low elevations
• Key identification features : Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, oblique at base, irregularly crenate along margins. Inflorescense axillary, a dichasial corymbose cymes. Flowers greenish-yellow; petals spathulate.
• Flower, Fruit : April-December
• Distribution :
  • Kerala : Wayanad district, Palakkad district, Idukki district
  • Maharashtra : Sindhudurg district
  • Tamil Nadu : The Nilgiri district, Coimbatore district
• World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature : Ravikumar & Balachandran-2014, Journal of Threatened Taxa 6(8): 6108–6121; Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1; Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Cassine paniculata. Downloaded on 3 April 2025.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)