Terminalia crenulata Roth

 
  • Family : COMBRETACEAE
    (COMBRETUM FAMILY or INDIAN ALMOND FAMILY)
  • Family (as per The Plant List) : Combretaceae
  • Species : Terminalia crenulata
  • Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Terminalia crenulata Roth
  • Common name : Crocodile-bark tree, Black Murdah
  • Vernacular name : Ashaina, Kaouha (Hin.); Kari mathi, Kirajul mathi (Kan.); Karu maruthu (Tam.); Chaagkarnah (San.)
  • Key identification features : A large deciduous tree. Bark is blackish-grey, fissured like a crocodile back. Leaves are simple, alternate with glands at the base. Flowers are small (less than a cm) and many in spike. Fruit is a winged capsule.
  • Habit : Tree
  • Flower, Fruit : April-August
  • Native : India
  • Comments : Occasional on hills to 1400 m, sometimes in river banks. Timber is valuable.
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Distribution Locality : Bellary district, Kolar district (Karnataka State); Horsley Hills (Chittoor district), Rampa Hills (East Godavari district) (Andhra Pradesh State); Salem district, Dharmapuri district (Tamil Nadu State); Koraput district, Kordha district (Odisha State)
  • World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar
  • Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983.
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Arun Singh R., Deepak Kumar, Raja K Swamy and Navendu Page (2016). Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats. http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in/plants.php?name=Terminalia crenulata. Downloaded on 24 October 2025.

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Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats by Herbarium JCB is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in.