• Family : ASTERACEAE
  (ASTER or SUNFLOWER FLOWER)
• Family (as per The Plant List) : Compositae
• Species : Xanthium indicum
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Xanthium strumarium L.
• Vernacular name : Ottarachedi (Tam.); Marulamatangi (Tel.)
• Key identification features : A stout undershrub. Stem brown, hispid. Leaves simple, alternate, three-nerved from base, broadly obovate, lobed, rounded or cordate at base. Heads unisexual. Urticles spinescent.
• Habit : Undershrub
• Flower, Fruit : Throughout the Year
• Comments : Abundant in wastelands and in plains up to 1500 m in marshy areas. Sometimes as a weed.
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Distribution Locality : Throughout Eastern Ghats
• World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Myanmar, Western Asia, Java
• Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2007 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 3 ; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District; J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2 ; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipal, Orissa; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Arun Singh R., Deepak Kumar, Raja K Swamy and Navendu Page (2016). Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats. http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in/plants.php?name=Xanthium indicum. Downloaded on 3 June 2024.

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