• Family : ASCLEPIADACEAE
  (MILKWEED FAMILY)
• Family (as per The Plant List) : Apocynaceae
• Species : Tylophora indica
• Synonym : Tylophora asthmatica (L. f.) Wight & Arn.
• Basionym : Cynanchum indicum Burm.f.
• Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merr.
• Common name : Panacea Twiner, Emetic Swallow-wort
• Vernacular name : Antamool, Jangli-pikran, Jangli pikvam (Hin.); Aadu muttada balli (Kan.); Nach-churuppan, Nanja-murich-chaan (Tam.); Verri pala, Kaka pala, Kukka pala, Telegapala, Poda pacchali, Vetti pala, Tellayadala, Tellavedivela, Neelatapiri (Tel.); Mendi, Mulini, Mendisag, Inturudia, Banka (Ori.); Antrapachaka (San.)
• Key identification features : Twiners with watery sap. Leaves are simple, opposite, elliptic to ovate, base rounded to cordate. Inflorescence is a compound umbellate lateral cyme. Calyx lobes spreading. Corolla greenish-yellow outside and purplish inside. Fruit is a cylindrical follicle.
• Habit : Climber
• Flower, Fruit : May-December
• Comments : Often grows on thickets and bushes in plains to hills of scrub and deciduous forests up to 1000 m. Plant extracts are used in native medicine. The plant is highly variable.
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Distribution Locality : Bellary district, Kolar district (Karnataka State); Srikakulam district, Anantapur district, Nellore district, Kurnool district, Palakonda Hills (Kadapa district), Simhachalam Hills (Visakhapatnam district), Chittoor district, West Godavari district (Andhra Pradesh State); Tippukadu R.F., Yelagiri Hills (Vellore district, former North Arcot), Kalrayan Hills (Salem district) (Tamil Nadu State); Cuttack district, Ganjam district (Odisha State)
• World Distribution : Seychelles, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, South-East Asia, Malesia
• Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2011 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 4; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2 ; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District ; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983.
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Arun Singh R., Deepak Kumar, Raja K Swamy and Navendu Page (2016). Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats. http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in/plants.php?name=Tylophora indica. Downloaded on 30 June 2024.

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