- Family : RUBIACEAE
(COFFEE FAMILY OR MADDER FAMILY)
- Family (as per The Plant List) : Rubiaceae
- Species : Randia spinosa
- Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng.
- Common name : Emetic nut, Common Emetic nut
- Vernacular name : Madan, Mainphal, Manyol, Karhar (Hin.); Kare, Mangeri (Kan.); Mathukkaarai, Maarivalam, Attadikarai, Perumadhukarai, Maalankaarai, Marakkalam (Tam.); Manga (Tel.); Mohana, Salara, Pativa, Patteia, Kalaikanta (Ori.); Madana phala (San.)
- Key identification features : A large spiny shrub. Spines are axillary. Leaves are usually fascicled on short shoots, obovate, ovate or spathulate. Flowers are solitary or 2-3 together at the ends of short shoots. Corolla at first is white, afterwards becoming yellow. Disc is annular or cushion-shaped. Ovary is 2-celled with many axile ovules. Fruit a many-seeded berry.
- Habit : Shrub
- Flower, Fruit : January-July; July-December
- Comments : Occasional on hills up to 1300 m in upper dry evergreen forests, especially on exposed slopes, forest borders etc.
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Distribution Locality : Bellary district, Kolar district (Karnataka State); Alagar Hills (Madurai district), Kolli Hills (Namakkal district), Hoganekkal Forest (Dharmapuri district), Gingee Hill (Villupuram district), Javadhu Hills (Tiruvannamalai district, former North Arcot) (Tamil Nadu State); Srikakulam district, Visakhapatnam district, East Godavari district, West Godavari district, Kurnool district, Chittoor district (Andhra Pradesh State); Kalahandi district, Similipal Hills (Mayurbhanj district), Koraput district (Odisha State)
- World Distribution : East Tropical Africa, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Java, Sumatra, South China, Malesia
- Literature : J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1 ; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District ; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipal, Orissa; N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983.
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Arun Singh R., Deepak Kumar, Raja K Swamy and Navendu Page (2016). Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats. http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in/plants.php?name=Randia spinosa. Downloaded on 28 September 2024.
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