Herbarium JCB

Buchanania lanzan Spreng

Family : ANACARDIACEAE
(MANGO FAMILY or CASHEW FAMILY or SUMAC FAMILY)
Family (as per The Plant List) : Anacardiaceae
Species : Buchanania lanzan
Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R.Almeida
Common name : Calumpong nut, Almondette Tree
Vernacular name : Chironji, Piyal, Piar, Char (Hin.); Charoli, Kole maavu, Murkali (Kan.); Saraiparuppu, Moraetha (Tam.); Sarapappu, Morli, Sara, Jaru mamidi (Tel.); Char (Ori.); Priyala (San.)
Key identification features : A large-sized evergreen tree growing to 15 m height. Bark is rough and dark-grey, exfoliating; Leaves are simple, thickly coriaceous, broad, oblong and tomentose beneath with a swollen petiole. Inflorescence is a panicle of racemes; flowers are small, white with a fleshy disk at the center. Fruit is a drupe.
Habit : Tree
Flower, Fruit : January-May
Comments : Occasional on hills up to 1400 m in deciduous to semi-evergeen forests. The tree gives a copius gum and kernels are used in sweetmeats.
Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
Distribution Locality : Salem district, Dharmapuri district (Tamil Nadu State); Anantagiri Hills (Visakhapatnam district), East Godavari district, Rollapenta Hills (Kurnool district), Prakasham district, Srikakulam district, West Godavari district (Andhra Pradesh State); Similipal Hills (Mayurbhanj district) (Odisha State)
World Distribution : India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka
Literature : Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1; H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 1 ; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District ; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipal, Orissa; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983.
Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Arun Singh R., Deepak Kumar, Raja K Swamy and Navendu Page (2016). Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats. http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in/plants.php?name=Buchanania lanzan. Downloaded on 6 July 2025.