Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare (Lam.) Raynal

 
  • Family : GENTIANACEAE
    (GENTIAN FAMILY)
  • Family (as per The Plant List) : Gentianaceae
  • Species : Enicostema axillare
  • Subspecies : axillare
  • Species Name (as per The Plant List) : Enicostema axillare (Poir. ex Lam.) A.Raynal
  • Vernacular name : Katvinayi, Chota chirayita (Hin.); Biliranjaka (Kan.); Vellaragu (Tam.); Vellaragu, Gulvidi, Nela-guli, Nelagulimidi (Tel.); Najajihva, Mamajjakah (San.)
  • Collection Nos : HJCB-E-378
  • Collector(s) Name : K.R.K.Swamy
  • Collection Date : 13/12/14
  • Collection Locality : Batrepalli, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh State
  • Endemism : Peninsular India
  • Habitat : Deciduous forest
  • Key identification features : Perennial glabrous herbs, stem 4-anguled. Leaves are decussate, lanceolate-oblong, 3-nerved, apex acute, petiolate. Flowers are white, sessile in dense axillary clustersa round the stem. Capsule 3.5 x 3 mm, septicidally 2-valved.
  • Habit : Herb
  • Flower, Fruit : June-January
  • Native : India
  • Comments : On plains in gravelly wastelands, fallow fields, river banks etc. 'E.axillare ssp. axillare alone occurs in peninsular India'. (Shaina & Nampy, 2014)
  • Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
  • Distribution Locality : Bellary district (Karnataka State); Tippukadu R.F. (Tiruvannamalai district, former North Arcot), Gingee Hills (Villupuram district), Hoganekkal Forest (Dharmapuri district) (Tamil Nadu State); Anantapur district, Kurnool district, Kadapa district, Kambakkam Hills (Chittoor district) (Andhra Pradesh State)
  • World Distribution : India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Tropical Africa, West Indies
  • Literature : J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2 ; R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District ; R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District; Pullaiah et al., 2011 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 4; Shahina, P.M. & Nampy, S 2014. Biosystematic Studies on Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A. Raynal subsp. axillare (Gentianaceae) in Peninsular India. Pak. Jour. Of Bio. Sci. 17 (5):696-702; Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983.
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Arun Singh R., Deepak Kumar, Raja K Swamy and Navendu Page (2016). Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats. http://easternghats.ces.iisc.ernet.in/plants.php?name=Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare. Downloaded on 2 April 2025.

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Digital Flora of Eastern Ghats by Herbarium JCB is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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