Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin. ex Steud.

 
  • Family : POACEAE
    (Grass Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : GHAS FAMILY (घास फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System III) : Poaceae
  • Basionym : Arundo karka Retz.
  • Synonym(s) : Arundo corea Rottler ex Hook.f.; Arundo roxburghii Kunth; Arundo tecta Blanco; Arundo vallatoria L.; Calamagrostis karka (Retz.) J.F.Gmel.; Oxyanthe japonica (Steud.) Steud.; Phragmites bifarius Wight ex Hook.f.; Phragmites cinctus (Hook.f.) B.S.Sun; Phragmites karka var. cinctus Hook.f.; Phragmites laxiflorus Steud.; Phragmites nepalensis Nees ex Steud.; Phragmites roxburghii Steud.; Phragmites vallatorius (L.) Veldkamp; Sericura japonica Steud.; Trichoon karka (Retz.) Roth; Trichoon roxburghii W.Wight
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin. ex Steud.
  • Common name : Water reed, Tall Reed
  • Vernacular name :
    • Vezhamkole, Chora pullu (Malayalam)
    • Perunaanal (Tamil)
  • Habit : Herb
  • Habitat : Mangrove swamps and marshy areas
  • Flower, Fruit : Throughout the year
  • Collector(s) Name : Raja K. Swamy; Cecil J. Saldanha; Raja K. Swamy
  • Collection Date : 10-12-2010, 16-1-1969, 10-12-2010
  • Collection Nos : HJCB-E-233, CJS 12341, SKU 41988
  • Collection Locality : Gandi river, Kadapa district; Belur, Hassan district; Gandi river, Kadapa district
  • Distribution :
    • Andhra Pradesh : Kurnool district, West Godavari district, East Godavari district
    • Karnataka : Hassan district
    • Kerala : Kozhikode district, Malappuram district, Palakkad district, Thrissur district, Ernakulam district, Idukki district, Kottayam district, Alappuzha district, Kollam district, Thiruvananthapuram district
    • Maharashtra : Aurangabad district, Jalgaon district, Kolhapur district, Nagpur district, Pune district, Sangli district, Satara district
    • Odisha : Common
    • Tamil Nadu : Coimbatore district, Kanchipuram (Changalpattu-CGP) district, Cuddalore district, Madurai district, Salem district, Tiruvallur district, Tiruchirapalli district, Tirunelveli district
    • Madhya Pradesh : Hoshangabad district
    • Uttarakhand : Nainital district
    • Sikkim : Sikkim
    • Himachal Pradesh : Himachal Pradesh
    • Arunachal Pradesh : Kameng, Lohit, Siang, Subansiri, Tirap
    • Meghalaya : Meghalaya
    • Assam : Assam
    • Nagaland : Nagaland
    • Punjab : Punjab
    • Jammu and Kashmir : Jammu and Kashmir
    • Mizoram : Mizoram
    • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Betapur
    • Manipur : Manipur
    • Tripura : Tripura
  • Native : Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Burkina, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caroline Islands, China, Cook Islands, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Hainan, Hawaii, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Kenya, Korea, Laos, L
  • Exotic/Native : Native
  • World Distribution : Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Burkina, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caroline Islands, China, Cook Islands, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Hainan, Hawaii, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Kenya, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Marianas, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Islands, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen
  • Conservation Status : Least Concern (LC)
  • Literature :
    • J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
    • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1996- Flora of Orissa Vol. 4
    • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
    • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
    • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1.
    • B. D. Sharma, S. Karthikeyan & N. P. Singh 1996 - Flora of Maharashtra state - Monocotyledons
    • Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (2). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
    • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
    • Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla: 270
    • H J, Chowdhery, et al. Materials for Flora of Arunachal Pradesh. Volume 3, Botanical Survey of India, 2009. Pg.: 301
  • Read more :
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2024). India Flora Online. http://indiafloraonline-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Phragmites karka. Downloaded on 11 October 2024.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)

India Distribution

World Distribution

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